• Losing a loved one or friend through death or relocation
• Lack of close family ties
• Living alone
• Difficulties in meeting new people due to access issues, an introverted personalities, or feeling like you don’t belong
• Feelings of loss or grief
• Poor physical health, frailty, mobility issues
• A mental health condition such as depression or anxiety
• Fear of rejection from others or feelings of being “different” or stigmatised by society
• Inability to participate in activities due to access issues, mobility, illness, transport
• Retirement from work, home relocation, starting out in a new role or community
• Lack of purpose or meaning in life
• Language or cultural barriers, or reduced connection with your culture of origin
• Geographic isolation
• Feeling lost in the crowd

Everyone feels lonely from time to time, but long periods of loneliness or social isolation can have a negative impact on your physical, mental and social health. Some signs include:

• Physical symptoms – aches and pains, headaches, illness or worsening of medical conditions
• Mental health conditions – increased risk of depression, anxiety, paranoia or panic attacks
• Low energy – tiredness or lack of motivation
• Sleep problems – difficulty getting to sleep, waking frequently or sleeping too much
• Diet problems – loss of appetite, sudden weight gain or loss
• Substance use – Increased consumption of alcohol, smoking, medications, drugs
• Negative feelings – feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness or thoughts about suicide

• Connect or reconnect with friends and family – staying in contact with loved ones can prevent loneliness and isolation. If your family don’t live nearby, technology can help you stay in touch
• Get out and about – regular outings for social functions, exercise, visiting friends, doing shopping, or simply going to public places can help
• Get involved in your community – Try a new (or old) hobby, join a club, enroll in study, or learn a new skill. Try looking online, at your local TAFE/Community College, library or community centre for things in your area that might be interesting to you
• Volunteer – helping others is a great way to help yourself feel more connected
• Consider getting a pet –pets are wonderful companions and can provide comfort and support during times of stress, ill-health or isolation
• Get support – If loneliness and social isolation are causing you distress, you should discuss your concerns with a GP, counsellor or a trusted person